Переведите следующие предложения, определяя инфинитивные обороты и функции инфинитивов.

1. Electrons can be made to travel at very high speed. 2. There appear to be two distinct effects in this case. 3. In our discussion the nucleus will be taken to be at rest. 4. Ordinary objects are not likely to move with a velocity approaching the velocity of light.5. Light is to be considered as some kind of wave motion of electromagnetic origin. 6. There is no reason for the conversion of mechanical into radiated energy to be continuous. 7. The nucleus of every atom is assumed to contain enough protons to account for the nuclear charge. 8. When a current is said to be flowing from the positive pole of a battery towards the negative pole, actually electrons are running in the opposite direction. 9. The speed of the particles (about ten thousand miles per second) is a bit too swift for us to study in detail. 10. We consider the hotness or coldness of any body to depend on the quantity of heat possessed by the body. 11. A body with total kinetic energy reduced to zero would not be able to transfer heat to any other body and might then be said to be at the absolute zero temperature.

THE PARTICIPLE.

Запишите следующие предложения, подчеркните причастия. Переведите на русский язык.

1. The quantity of electricity flowing is directly related to the amounts of material transformed at the electrodes. 2. The complexity of the technique involved increased considerably. 3. Energy loss has been considered in Chapter II. The processes involved are ionizing collision and atomic excitations. 4. They were watching the moving particles. 5. The substance being investigated contained some admixtures. 6. The phenomenon is rather complicated and the processes involved are not yet clear.

2. Переведите следующие предложения:

1. The knowledge gained on the subject during the past decade is rather important. 2. The calculation depends on the peculiar laws governing the inside of a molecule. 3. This law takes into account forms of energy other than those discussed so far. 4. The wavelength so determined will not be exactly accurate. 5. The theoretical significance of the wave theory of matter as applied to electrons will be discussed later. 6. The photoelectric current, as measured by means of the galvanometer is directly     proportional to the intensity of light. 7. The first practical spectroscope was designed in 1858. As originally constructed it was provided with a glass prism and used only for visible light.

3. Сделайте грамматический анализ следующих предложений: найдите в них сказуемое (личную форму глагола), подлежащее. Выделите группу определения с причастием II. Переведите данные предложения письменно на русский язык.

1. Every body located on earth is pulled downwards by the earth. 2. The nucleus formed by the emission of the gamma-ray may be unstable. 3. The temperature of the liquid obtained remained constant. 4. All the isotopes now produced by reactors can also be made in a cyclotron. 5. Our attention will be focused on comparative methods applied by different sciences.

Подчеркните в предложениях абсолютную причастную конструкцию (независимый причастный оборот). Переведите предложения.

1. The speed of light being extremely great, we cannot measure it by ordinary methods. 2. There being many people in the conference hall, we could not enter it. 3. My colleague being away, I had to take the decision myself.        4. Silver being very expensive, we only rarely use it as a conductor.                   5. Radioactivity discovered, we made great progress in atomic physics. 6. We continued our work, with our laboratory assistants helping us. 7. Other liquids being too light, a barometer uses mercury.

THE GERUND.

Запомните значения глаголов, после которых прямое дополнение может употребляться в форме герундия: